Journal of Sport Physiology Special Groups
A Systematic Review of the Effects of Aerobic, Resistance, Endurance, and Combined Exercises on Fatty Liver
Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 A brilliant student of Ph.D. in Sports Physiology, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Iran
2 Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran.
Abstract
Objectives and Study Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common disorder characterized by fat accumulation in the liver, which can lead to serious complications. Currently, there are no approved pharmacological treatments for NAFLD; however, lifestyle changes, including exercise, have emerged as a promising therapeutic intervention. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effects of various types of exercise on NAFLD.
Review Methods and Data Sources: Relevant articles were searched from various databases, including SID, Irandoc, Medline, PubMed, and Google Scholar, using keywords such as "fatty liver," "aerobic exercise," "resistance training," and their combinations. Selected articles were assessed based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria, and relevant data were extracted.
Findings: From an initial 140 relevant articles, 22 studies were included after removing duplicates, conducting thorough full-text screening, and reviewing predefined criteria. Endurance (aerobic) exercises reduced plasma levels of ceramide and increased pentraxin-3 (PTX-3) levels. A significant reduction in liver enzyme levels ALT and AST was observed in men with NAFLD. Resistance training also contributed to improved liver function and increased muscle strength in postmenopausal women with NAFLD. Combined exercises had a positive impact on the lipid profile of NAFLD patients, although aerobic exercises showed more pronounced benefits. The intensity and duration of exercise were also important, with moderate-intensity aerobic training (55-75% HRmax) for 45 minutes three times a week yielding positive results.
Conclusion: Various types of exercise, particularly aerobic and resistance training, can have a positive impact on managing NAFLD.
Keywords
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