فیزیولوژی ورزشی گروه‌های خاص

تأثیر تمرینات استقامتی، قدرتی و پیاده‌روی بر سطح نیتریک‌اکساید و عملکرد اندوتلیال در بزرگسالان: یک مطالعه مرور نظام‌مند و متاآنالیز

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 'گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی-دانشکده علوم تربیتی وروانشناسی-دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی-اردبیل-ایران

2 گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

3 گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.

چکیده

اهداف و زمینه مطالعه:. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تأثیر تمرینات ورزشی بر سطح فعال نیتریک‌اکساید و عملکرد اندوتلیال در بزرگسالان انجام شد.
روش‌های:
جستجوی نظام‌مند در پایگاه‌های داده PubMed، Scopus و Web of Science از ژانویه ۲۰۰۰ تا سپتامبر ۲۰۲۵ انجام شد. مطالعات انسانی با طراحی کارآزمایی بالینی که به بررسی تأثیر تمرینات ورزشی بر سطوح NO و VCAM-1 پرداخته بودند، وارد شدند. آنالیزهای متاآنالیز با استفاده از مدل اثرات تصادفی و نرم‌افزار CMA نسخه ۴ انجام شد. تحلیل زیرگروه‌ها بر اساس نوع، مدت و شدت تمرین انجام گردید.
یافته‌ها:
16 مطالعه برای متغیر NO و VCAM-1 وارد متاآنالیز شدند. تمرینات ورزشی به طور معنی‌داری بیودسترس NO را افزایش دادند
(SMD=1.30 و ۰.۶۷ تا ۱.۹۳: CI ۹۵% و p=0.001). در تحلیل زیرگروه‌ها، پیاده‌روی بیشترین تأثیر را بر افزایش NO داشت (SMD=6.01 و p=0.019)، در حالی که تمرینات هوازی (SMD=1.02 و p=0.16) و قدرتی (SMD=0.27 و p=0.52)، تأثیر معنی‌داری نشان ندادند.
همچنین، تمرینات ورزشی به طور معنی‌داری VCAM-1 را کاهش دادند (SMD=-0.96 و۱.۴۱- تا ۰.۵۲: CI ۹۵% و p=0.001). مدت تمرین بالای ۶ هفته (SMD=1.51 و p=0.001) و تمرین شدت بالا (SMD=1. 40 و p=0.034) و تمرین شدت متوسط (SMD=3.35 و p=0.0002) با افزایش معنی‌دار NO همراه بودند.
نتیجه‌گیری: : تمرینات ورزشی به ویژه پیاده‌روی و تمرینات با مدت بیش از ۶ هفته و شدت متوسط تا بالا، دسترسی زیستی نیتریک‌اکساید را افزایش و نشانگر چسبندگی اندوتلیال (VCAM-1) را کاهش می‌دهند. این یافته‌ها نشان‌دهنده نقش مؤثر تمرینات ورزشی در بهبود عملکرد اندوتلیال است.

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فیزیولوژی ورزشی گروه‌های خاص
دوره 3، شماره 2
مهر 1405
صفحه 1-20