مقایسه تاثیر انواع تمرینات ورزشی بر حساسیت انسولینی در بیماران مبتلا به دیابت نوع 2: مروری بر مطالعات 2022-2015

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.

چکیده

چکیده
زمینه و هدف: دیابت نوع 2 یک معضل مهم برای سلامت عمومی است که بیش از 285 میلیون نفر در دنیا به آن مبتلا هستند. هدف از مطالعه مروری حاضر، مقایسه تاثیر انواع تمرینات ورزشی بر حساسیت انسولینی در بیماران مبتلا به دیابت نوع 2 به منظور انجام یک جمع‌بندی مطلوب و ارائه اطلاعات بهتر و مفیدتر در انتخاب نوع تمرین برای بیماران با استناد به نتایج تحقیقات پیشین می‌باشد.
مواد و روش‌ها: در این مطالعه جستجوی مقالات در پایگاه‌های تخصصی Magiran، Google Scholar، PubMed، Science Direct، Springer صورت پذیرفت و 115 مقاله مرتبط بر اساس کلید واژه‌های مورد نظر انتخاب شدند. تعداد 87 مقاله بر اساس معیار ورود به مطالعه که نزدیک به حوزه فعالیت بدنی و دیابت بود، وارد مطالعه شد. پس از بررسی مجدد مقالات تعداد 28 مقاله که با هدف بررسی تمرینات ورزشی در بیماران مبتلا به دیابت نوع 2 بود، انتخاب شد.
یافته‌ها‌: نتیج نشان داد که تمرینات هوازی از طریق کاهش وزن و درصد چربی بدن، تمرینات مقاومتی از طریق افزایش حجم عضله، تمرینات اینتروال شدید از طریق فعال کردن پروتئین کیناز فعال کننده آدنوزین مونوفسفات (AMPK) و تمرینات ترکیبی از طریق بهبود ترکیب بدنی موجب افزایش حساسیت انسولینی در بیماران مبتلا به دیابت نوع 2 گردیده است.
نتیجه‌گیری: مرور حاضر مشخص می‌کند که تمرینات هوازی، مقاومتی، HIIT و ترکیبی (با هرگونه شدت، مدت و نوع تمرین) باعث افزایش حساسیت به انسولین در افراد مبتلا به دیابت نوع 2 می‌شود. با اینحال بنظر می‌رسد تمرینات ترکیبی اثرات بیشتر و مفیدتری به همراه دارد.

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